Time to use the wood and plant new trees

by Michael Smith (Veshengro)

European Beech1lowTime to use the wood and plant new trees as young trees... new growth... absorbs more carbon that old growth. This, however, is something, I know, that certain people do not want to hear. The truth is, though, that when a tree gets to a certain age it become a net producer of carbon dioxide and also of methane, as it is already decaying from within and the older it gets the more this happens. This is the very reason why forestry fells trees of certain ages – and the felling times depend on the species of tree – and replants.

Many in the green movement, who have been “brainwashed” into believing that you must never ever cut down a tree, will scream blue murder if one suggests the proper management of woods and forests, which includes felling and restocking. Their argument, time and again, is that woods do not need to be managed and that Nature does it perfectly well.

As I have discussed and explained in my book “Managing our Woods” this is not really the case if the woods are to be of use to both man and the environment, especially when we are talking about (previously) managed woodlands and forests.

When woodlands (and other open spaces) that were once, long ago, managed places, are allowed to run wild, to “return to wilderness”, as it is often referred to, brambles and bracken take over and smother everything below thus giving neither rise to new tree growth nor is such a place any good for wildlife, as it lacks light.

However, before any misunderstandings come up, I am not talking about clear-felling but I am talking about making use of our broadleaved woodlands and forest areas and (re)turning them to and into coppice woods, where there trees are cut in certain time span rotations in order to provide timber and then be allowed to regrow, thus creating a perpetual wood that is alive and thriving and that is good for wildlife and all.

Aside from being good for the woods and the wildlife it is also good for the local economy and the environment.

As far as the local economy is concerned the management of those woods and harvesting of the timber is being done by local coppice workers and the wood worked and sold locally (as much and far as possible). This means work for a local person or a group of people and money from any sales remaining in the local area and circulating in the local economy. A win-win situation for all, not at least the woods.

© 2014

Hospital turns yard into organic farm

Pennsylvania hospital partners with Rodale Institute to cultivate five acres of hospital land.

st lukes farmFoodservice operations don’t get much more hyper-local than St. Luke’s Hospital, in Easton, Pa. The three-year-old facility, part of the St. Luke University Health Network, is getting as much as 80% of the produce its foodservice department uses from its own backyard.

Of course, that “yard” runs for acres and acres—the hospital sits on 500 acres of what was once Lehigh Valley farmland. Last year, the hospital partnered with the Rodale Institute, a non-profit organization that studies organic farming, to convert five acres back into a farm that is growing fruits and vegetables not only for itself but also for the other five hospitals in the network.

The idea came from the hospital’s President Ed Nawrocki. “Last fall, an article came across my desk about a hospital in Michigan doing something similar,” Nawrocki says. “I thought, why can’t we do that here? We’re on 500 acres of land, and it was a farm before, so it naturally fit.”

So the hospital contracted with Rodale, which is located in nearby Kutztown, Pa., to operate the farm, which went live this spring.

Read more: http://www.foodservicedirector.com/ideas-innovation/going-green/articles/hospital-turns-yard-organic-farm

Why Soy Is NOT a Health Food

Soy has become a major source of toxicity for human beings, especially in the last three decades. Not only is more than 99% of soy genetically modified, but sources labeled organic or non-GMO are often exposed to the same problems as conventional soy. If you consume processed foods, soy is almost impossible to avoid. With the exception of wheat, there are few foods that are causing as many health problems as soy in the food supply.

Here are the reasons to avoid any kind of soy...
1. Soy Reduces Assimilation of Minerals

Phytic acid is present in the bran or hulls of all seeds and when we compare the phytate of soy to many other types of beans and nuts, the percent mass is not that far off, but that's not the problem. The problem is how much we are consuming. Most people stuck on the soy bandwagon are consuming far more phytate by the sheer volume through mass consumption of things like soy milk, tofu, cereals, and processed foods. It doesn't even compare to the amount they would consume through seeds and nuts. The effect of phytic acid on iron absorption has been thoroughly studied. As evident in a study in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, as phytic acid increases, it has a diminishing impact on iron while inhibiting its absorption. This applies to almost every major mineral including zinc--one of the most important minerals for the human body. Two billion people may now have zinc deficiency. Phytates bind to zinc and thereby decrease its bioavailability. Phytic acid levels in soy reduce assimilation of calcium, magnesium, copper, iron and zinc.

Read more: http://eatlocalgrown.com/article/12697-why-soy-is-not-a-health-food.html?c=nsm

The secret to a happy life: revealed!

I don’t want to brag, but while I was on sabbatical I discovered the secret to happiness.

The crazy thing is, it was lying right there in the open. It’s been revealed dozens, hundreds of times over the course of human history. It’s revealed every day in ordinary human affairs, if you’re paying attention.

What is it? Let’s ask George Vaillant.

Vaillant is a Harvard psychologist who has been working for over 40 years on theGrant Study, one of the longest-running longitudinal studies in scientific history. It began tracking a set of 268 (white, physically and mentally healthy) men when they were sophomores at Harvard in 1939 and has been tracking them ever since, for 75 years, with exhaustive regular physical and psychological tests. It has followed them as they’ve grown, gone to war, married, divorced, worked, been fired, gotten sick, found God, and so on. (The ups and downs of the study’s history are recounted in this classic Atlantic piece, one of my favorite magazine stories ever.)

Vaillant has spent most of his adult life analyzing the data from the study, attempting to determine which factors most reliably correlate with well-being. He’s probably studied happiness longer, and in greater depth, than any other single human being. So what is it, George Vaillant? What’s the secret to a happy life?

Read more: http://grist.org/living/the-secret-to-a-happy-life-revealed/

Alternative generation: disenfranchised youth look to co-ops for work

A new crop of co-ops run by young people present a non-conventional route to viable employment, as youth still suffer the effects of the economic downturn

Broken Spoke Bike Co-opWhen graduate Rhiannon Colvin became increasingly frustrated with applying for endless unpaid internships, she took the bold decision to launch her own business, the AltGen co-op.

"Young people are starting to realise that, as long as we continue to fight each other for unpaid or underpaid work, then we remain incredibly powerless. The only way we can change this reality is if we start collaborating, co-operating and working together," says 24-year-old Colvin.

"We've now taken matters into our own hands to create a more sustainable and equal economy, one where our work allows us to generate an income, do what we love and have a positive social impact. Co-operatives are one way of achieving this."

Launched this July as a worker's co-operative, AltGen aims to support 18-29-year-olds to set up their own co-operative businesses as an empowering and collaborative solution to the crippling issue of youth unemployment. Currently 18% of young people aged 16 to 24 are unemployed, compared with the overall national figure of 7%.

A report published earlier this summer by the Institute of Fiscal Studies (IFS) illustrates how young people have taken a disproportionate hit during the economic downturn. The report found that between 2007 and 2013 the employment rate among 22-30 year-olds fell by 4% while among 31-59 year olds it remained stable. Over the same period, young people aged 22-30 saw their household incomes fall by 13% while those aged 31-59 saw a 7% drop. "Pay, employment and incomes have all been hit hardest for those in their twenties," concludes Jonathan Cribb, research economist at the IFS.

One of the first projects that AltGen has unveiled is the Young Co-operators Prize which will award five £2,000 start-up grants to young people who have ideas for potentially successful co-ops. The competition is a collaboration with ten leading universities including Bristol, Goldsmiths and Leeds and Co-operatives UK, the trade body for the UK's co-operative movement.

Read more: http://www.theguardian.com/sustainable-business/alternative-generation-disenfranchised-youth-coops

Living the “Green Life”, Living the Good Life

by Michael Smith (Veshengro)

Living_GreenActions speak louder than words and it is our actions that first become visible to others. Therefore it is no good “preaching” to others about going green, about reducing, reusing, etc., when yourself you do not or only halfheartedly do it.

This is something that I have always believed and believed in and this I always bear in mind and I have for that reason decided to live my life, as far as possible, as an example, especially when it comes to presenting an alternative way to consumerism and such.

It is our actions that first become visible to others. Though our actions we can inspire, educate and motivate others. But if our actions do not match our rhetorics then we, and the entire story we are trying to present, are seen as fraud.

When it comes to consumption, to consumerism, even some people in the “green movement” seem to believe that they can make a difference and effect change if they just buy they “right” stuff and this or that “green” gadget.

There are many, alas, who have all the talk, all the rhetoric, and can even quote chapter and verse of the appropriate books on the matter, but seem to believe that the action must all come from governments, corporations and that if they just buy “green”, ethical, and fair trade and recycle all is going to be fine. Well, it is not and those of us whose actions do not speak loud enough are at least partly to blame for this too.

You cannot “preach” green living to other while at the same time engaging in consumption, even if it is greensumption, beyond that which is necessary. You have to to and live what you are talking about and go beyond even that which is necessary to be seen as green; to be a shining green beacon in the desert of consumerism.

Don't think for once that just because you buy recycled products while tossing out things you could easily reuse, often for the very same things that you buy, makes you “green”. First see what you can make yourself before looking to buy even if the goods and products you are looking to buy are “recycled”. It is, actually, much easier to do than most people think but it does require a change in and of attitude and mindset.

Living the “green life” is more than just looking at whether something you buy – or intend to buy – is recycled, fully recyclable, ethically produced, or fair trade, etc.

While that is important the far more important thing is to reduce here and I am not talking in this instance about reducing our waste, even though that, again, is important also, and by not all the time buying something you are doing your part there.

The most important thing is to reduce our – your – consumption of the unnecessary things such as buying a new computer or cellphone just because it is the latest on the market while the ones that you own and currently use work still perfectly fine and do the job well.

To live the “green life”, especially also as an example to others, it is important to learn to differentiate between needs and wants and to know when a want is masquerading as a need, for instance.

One important change we must all consider and undertake and that is to transition from a consumer to a producer (no, not making movies, necessarily).

What does it mean moving from being a consumer to being a producer?

It means just that. Namely to consume less ready-made things and to make things and to grow stuff ourselves.

I know that it is not feasible to make absolutely everything we need and want for ourselves nor is it not possible to grow absolutely all the food that we need ourselves (though it all is a question of economy of scales, of commitment and of input). However, the aim should be to at least produce more and as much as possible ourselves and one can start small.

It starts with changing the mindset and attitude and seeing a reuse potential in anything and everything and to use what we have and what comes our way, and that includes many of those recyclables, such as glass jars, cardboard packages, one-side printed pages, and what-have-you.

All too often people empty a glass jar and even go the whole hog – as we are supposed to do – of removing the labels and cleaning the jar only to toss it into the recycling bin. And then they go out and pay good money for a set of “recycled” glass storage jars.

In the time of our grandparents and their parents no such jar would have ever been tossed out (OK, they did not, necessarily, have a recycling process then but there were times when they could be given back to the stores to be reused) but were made use of for storage. Glass jars were also reused as drinking vessels in lieu of glasses, especially among the poorer classes, such as peasants and workers, as drinking glasses were expensive in those days, and they still were in the 1960s.

Our grandparents and their parents also reused as tin cans for many things, whether it was to store pencils in, or as scoops for chicken feed, and much else and if you need a pencil bin for your desk there is no better statement to make of a “green life” as to reuse an empty and cleaned up tin can.

Backs of envelopes were used for notes and other paper also was reused in a variety of ways and newspaper even became wallpaper, often even left unpainted. In most cases, though, it was used as lining paper and the wall then would have been painted.

I am sure that will all the wasted packaging materials today – well, with at least a great number of them – our grandparents and their parents – would have had a reuse field-day.

Thus, if we but employed a percentage of their mindset and attitude many purchases would become unnecessary and we could live a much greener and more frugal life and at the same time do our wallets and the Planet a great deal of good.

Many things that we may need and want can be made by reuse, upcycling and simple do-it-yourself rather than having to buy them and much of the raw materials for this we actually consign on a daily basis to the recycling bin or even the trash can needlessly.

Do not for one minute think that just because something can be recycled you can thoughtlessly toss it into the recycling bin and you are saving the Planet. It does not work that way. Recycling still requires a large energy input and while it may be smaller than creating something from virgin raw materials the collection, sorting, reprocessing and everything else associated with the recycling process it is still phenomenal. Much better to reuse and upcycle than send to recycling. Sure, once you have reached saturation point for your reuse and upcycling and other DIY activities recycling of those items that you cannot use is the only viable alternative.

There is still a great deal more to living the “green life” and living the “good life” but that shall be the subject of a booklet on this matter by the same title.

© 2014

Old-school farming methods could save the planet

What if there were a simple solution to fighting climate change right under our feet? In her new book, The Soil Will Save Us, journalist and writer Kristin Ohlson says there is.

“The soil has been playing a mighty role in our climate ever since we've been a planet,” Ohlson says. It's full of carbon fuel that helps plants and microorganisms thrive, but today's industrial farming methods rip up the soil and release huge amounts of that carbon into the air.

Ohlson argues that returning to no-till farming practices, which leave the soil undisturbed and carbon trapped underground, will help reverse climate change and solve other pressing environmental issues at the same time. "Everything we want for our planet above the soil line depends on the activity of those microorganisms below," she says.

“Plants take carbon dioxide out of the air,” Ohlson explains. “They convert that into a carbon fuel for themselves, but they share 40 percent of that carbon fuel with the soil microorganisms. The soil microorganisms take that carbon fuel, and they eat it and they grow with it and they make a glue with it to create habitat down in the soil. All those activities fix carbon in the soil.”

But when humans came along, Ohlson says, we started “messing up nature” — with agriculture, burning forests, plowing up the soil and changing the behavior of animals on the land. Worse, we started releasing all the carbon in the soil.

One of the best solutions, Ohlson says, is also one of the simplest: no-till farming. With this method, farmers plant crops with minimal disturbance of the soil, keeping the essential system of microrganisms intact. That helps keep all of that carbon in the soil instead of releasing into the air.

David Johnson, a scientist at New Mexico State University, has been doing “amazing work,” Ohlson says, using no-till agriculture in conjuction with dense cover crops — plants, such as legumes and grasses that grow in places and at times when the ground would otherwise be bare.

Read more and listen to broadcast: http://www.pri.org/stories/2014-08-25/old-school-farming-methods-could-save-planet

What can small cities do to fight climate change?

CARROTS BEAT STICKS

Everyone should know by now that the U.S. needs to adopt policies to restrain its profligate energy use. Per capita, we use the most of any country except Iceland. And no, it’s not just because we’re richer: Adjusted for GDP, we still use more than everyone except for Australia, Canada, and a few frigid countries in northern Europe.

Our huge and wasteful appetite for energy sucks money out of the economy and produces greenhouse gas emissions that cause climate change. But Congress won’t pass a cap-and-trade bill, carbon tax, or any other policy to address it. Senate Republicans even blocked a bill that would have assisted the private sector in purely voluntary conservation measures and saved money by increasing efficiency in federal agencies.

Sen. Joe Manchin (D-W.Va.) articulated a common attitude toward energy conservation when he told me recently that we use the most energy per capita because we’re the greatest country in the world. Consumption, to many Americans, equals greatness.

Some more progressive communities, though, are stepping into the breach left by Washington. But whereas the most efficient government policies would simply require less energy usage and let the market figure out how to achieve it, that’s economically unfeasible for small cities and counties. As with local tax rates, mandatory energy efficiency is limited to how much you can get away with before you start pushing residents and businesses into neighboring towns. So most municipalities are restricted to encouraging and assisting in voluntary efficiency and renewable-promotion efforts.

Read more: http://grist.org/climate-energy/what-can-small-cities-do-to-fight-climate-change/

Saving Vegetable Seeds

How to keep the ones you love… seeds of plants that is

Saving and storing seeds from your own vegetable and herb crops is a thrifty way to perpetuate your favorite varieties from year to year. Open-pollinated varieties, including heirlooms, are the best candidates for seed saving. Unlike hybrids, their genetic traits are more likely to remain stable from generation to generation—although, if you’re saving seeds to be used for growing microgreens or sprouts, genetic stability is less important.

Some crop species tend to pollinate themselves (selfers), while others rely on insects or wind to deliver pollen from nearby flowers (outcrossers). Peas, lettuce, and tomatoes are selfers and are unlikely to cross-pollinate, even if several different varieties are growing in the same garden. For outcrossers, such as squashes, brassicas, and onions, genetic purity can be ensured only by growing a single variety of that crop in isolation from others or by excluding stray pollen with a greenhouse or other enclosure. Isolation cages are used by commercial growers but aren’t practical for the average home gardener.

Seek out the healthiest, most productive plants for seed production, and look for traits that are worth preserving. With crops for which early bolting or flowering is not desirable, such as lettuce and basil, save seeds from the specimens that are slowest to flower.

Once you’ve gathered seeds, be sure they are thoroughly dry before packaging them in envelopes or jars. Label the packages with variety name and the date you collected the seeds, and store them in a cool, dry place to maintain their freshness.

Read more: http://www.organicgardening.com/learn-and-grow/saving-vegetable-seeds

Why Walking Helps Us Think

In Vogues 1969 Christmas issue, Vladimir Nabokov offered some advice for teaching James Joyce’s “Ulysses”: “Instead of perpetuating the pretentious nonsense of Homeric, chromatic, and visceral chapter headings, instructors should prepare maps of Dublin with Bloom’s and Stephen’s intertwining itineraries clearly traced.” He drew a charming one himself. Several decades later, a Boston College English professor named Joseph Nugent and his colleagues put together an annotated Google map that shadows Stephen Dedalus and Leopold Bloom step by step. The Virginia Woolf Society of Great Britain, as well as students at the Georgia Institute of Technology, havesimilarly reconstructed the paths of the London amblers in “Mrs. Dalloway.”

Such maps clarify how much these novels depend on a curious link between mind and feet. Joyce and Woolf were writers who transformed the quicksilver of consciousness into paper and ink. To accomplish this, they sent characters on walks about town. As Mrs. Dalloway walks, she does not merely perceive the city around her. Rather, she dips in and out of her past, remolding London into a highly textured mental landscape, “making it up, building it round one, tumbling it, creating it every moment afresh.”

Since at least the time of peripatetic Greek philosophers, many other writers have discovered a deep, intuitive connection between walking, thinking, and writing. (In fact, Adam Gopnik wrote about walking in The New Yorker just two weeks ago.) “How vain it is to sit down to write when you have not stood up to live!” Henry David Thoreau penned in his journal. “Methinks that the moment my legs begin to move, my thoughts begin to flow.” Thomas DeQuincey has calculated that William Wordsworth—whose poetry is filled with tramps up mountains, through forests, and along public roads—walked as many as a hundred and eighty thousand miles in his lifetime, which comes to an average of six and a half miles a day starting from age five.

What is it about walking, in particular, that makes it so amenable to thinking and writing? The answer begins with changes to our chemistry. When we go for a walk, the heart pumps faster, circulating more blood and oxygen not just to the muscles but to all the organs—including the brain. Many experiments have shown that after or during exercise, even very mild exertion, people perform better on tests of memory and attention. Walking on a regular basis also promotes new connections between brain cells, staves off the usual withering of brain tissue that comes with age, increases the volume of the hippocampus (a brain region crucial for memory), and elevates levels of molecules that both stimulate the growth of new neurons and transmit messages between them.

Read more: http://www.newyorker.com/tech/elements/walking-helps-us-think